so and not with hope, believe
instead of that-clauses. We often use so after believe, hope, expect, imagine, suppose, guess, reckon, think, be afraid, instead of repeating...
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make: prepositions
We usually say that something is made of a particular material. Most things seem to be made of plastic these days. All our furniture is made of...
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American and British English
These two varieties of English are very similar. There are a few differences of grammar and spelling, and rather more differences of vocabulary...
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present perfect 5: simple or progressive?
non-progressive verbs Some verbs are not used in progressive forms (see progressive 2: non-progressive verbs), even if the meaning is one for...
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progressive 1: general
forms Progressive verb forms (also called ‘continuous’ forms) are made with be + -ing. I am waiting for the shops to open, (present progressive)...
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ask
1 ask and ask for Ask for: ask somebody to give something Ask without for. ask somebody to tell something. Compare: – Don’t ask me for...
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for, since, in and from: time
1 for We use for for duration – to say how long something lasts. for + period of time I studied the guitar for three years at school. That...
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infinitives 6: after adjectives
1 reactions and feelings: pleased to see you Infinitives are often used after adjectives describing reactions and feelings. I’m pleased to see...
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about and on
Compare: a book for children about Africa and its people./a textbook on African history. a conversation about money./a lecture on economics. We...
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present tenses 4: progressive or ‘continuous’
present progressive: forms ami are! is + -ing I am waiting. Are you listening? She isn’t working today. For double letters in words like sitting...
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