1 all and all of
All (of) can modify nouns and pronouns.
Before a noun with a determiner (for example the, my, this), all and all of are both possible. All is more common than all of.
She’s eaten all (of) the cake. All (of) my friends like riding.
Before a noun with no determiner, we do not normally use of.
All children can be difficult, (not All of children …)
2 all of +
personal pronoun
With personal pronouns, we use all of+ uslyou/them.
All of us/you/them can be a subject or object.
All of us can come tomorrow, (not All we-…)
She’s invited all of you. Mary sent all of them her love.
3 pronoun + all
We can put all after pronouns used as objects.
She’s invited you all. Mary sent her love to them all.
I’ve made us all something to eat. ?
This does not happen with complement pronouns (after be) or in short answers.
I think that’s all of them, (not 1-think that’s them all.)
Who did she invite? all : all with nouns and pronounsAll of us. (not Us all.)
All
can follow a subject pronoun (e.g. They all went home), but in this case it belongs grammatically with the verb (see all 3: with the verb) and may be separated from the pronoun (e.g. They have all gone home).
For the American plural pronoun you all, see personal pronouns 2: advanced points.8.
4 types of noun
All is used mostly before uncountable and plural nouns.
all the water all my friends However, all can be used before some singular countable nouns referring to things that can naturally be divided into parts.
all that week all my family all the way We can also use all (of) before proper nouns (e.g. the names of places or writers).
All (of) London knew about her affairs. I’ve read all (of) Shakespeare. With other singular countable nouns, it is more natural to use whole (e.g. the whole stoiy). For details, see all and whole.
5 leaving out the
After all, we sometimes leave out the before numbers.
all (the) three brothers And we usually leave out the in all day, all night, all week, all year, all winter and all summer.
She stayed here all day. (not .. -all the day).
6 not all…
It is not very common to use all + noun as the subject of a negative verb (e.g. All Americans don’t like hamburgers). We more often use not all + noun + affirmative verb.
Not all Americans like hamburgers.
Note the difference between not all and no. Compare:
Not all birds can fly.
No birds can play chess.
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